| Soil is an important components of the environment that supports many forms of life. It is a complex mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous substances, and plays a vital role in crop production, environmental pollution, and human health. In this study, we examined the effects of five fertilization treatments-no fertilizer (CK), straw return (SR), chemical fertilizer (NPK), organic manure (OM), and green manure (GM)- on soil pH, SOC, TN, C/N ratio, and available nutrients (AN, AP, and AK) in the ploughed layer (0–20 cm) of 5 different crops like Wheat, Rice, Maize, Sugarcane, Soyabeans in 7 fields in in Betul District, Madhya Pradesh. The results show that Fertilizers raised SOC and TN more than CK. Compared to CK, OM and NPK increased SOC and TN by 72.5% and 51.2%. During the study period, the average AN and AP contents were greatest in OM treatment (1.6 and 29.6 times that in the CK, respectively) and second highest in NPK therapy (1.2 and 20.3 times). NPK treatments had the greatest AK content at 38.10 mg.kg-1. Thus, considering soil K concentration, organic manure and K fertilizer should be administered to boost soil fertility in this location. Our finding shows that the organic forms of fertilizers, when applied properly, may provide plants the vital nutrients they need to develop and produce. The potential effect on crops is influenced by a number of variables, such as the kind of organic fertilizer used, the pace at which it is applied, the soil's characteristics, and the crop's needs. |
